Astronomy 2.1 WORLD
What parameter mainly defines the "habitable zone" around a star for an exoplanet?
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THE CORRECT ANSWER: The distance allowing the existence of liquid water on the surface
The habitable zone, often called the “Goldilocks zone,” is the orbital region around a star where thermodynamic conditions theoretically allow water to remain in a liquid state on the surface of a planet. This concept is central in exobiology, because water is considered the essential solvent for the chemistry of life as we know it.This zone is not fixed: it depends on the luminosity and temperature of the star. For a red dwarf, it will be very close, while for a giant star, it will be much further away. However, being in this zone does not guarantee life; the planet's atmosphere must also exert sufficient pressure and have a balanced greenhouse effect. The study of these potential worlds is today the priority of new space telescopes to uncover traces of distant biological activity.